Research Studies

This policy brief explores the structure and functioning of Pakistan’s agricultural marketing system, the role of mandis and intermediaries in shaping market outcomes, the structural constraints limiting transparency and efficiency, and the reforms needed to gradually integrate modern storage, finance, and market infrastructure into the existing system to improve farmer incomes and market resilience.

The brief examines the current state of Pakistan’s cold chain infrastructure and highlights how inadequate cold storage, refrigerated transport, and value chain integration contribute to high post-harvest losses, reduced farmer incomes, food waste, and missed export opportunities.

This policy brief explores the structural weaknesses in Pakistan’s grain storage and warehousing system that result in over $1.3 billion in annual post-harvest losses, market instability, and reduced farmer incomes despite adequate crop production.

This policy brief explores the current state of agricultural mechanization in Pakistan, the structural and institutional challenges limiting its effectiveness, and the reforms needed to build a more efficient, reliable, and inclusive mechanization services ecosystem that can improve productivity, reduce losses, and strengthen farmer incomes.